選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)適當的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)劑對(dui)超(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果(guo)影(ying)響(xiang)較大。超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)機制主(zhu)要是空化作用(yong)(yong)(yong),除物(wu)質的(de)主(zhu)要成分、油垢或(huo)機體自身的(de)機械雜(za)質外(wai),選(xuan)(xuan)擇的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液必須考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)粘度(du)和表面張力,才能起到(dao)空化作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)對(dui)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質量的(de)要求很高,經(jing)常使用(yong)(yong)(yong)幾種(zhong)不同的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液在不同的(de)槽(cao)中或(huo)依次(ci)進行,每一種(zhong)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)都不一樣。舉例來(lai)說,三(san)氯乙烯、氫氧化鈉水(shui)溶液、合成洗(xi)(xi)(xi)滌劑、水(shui)、酒(jiu)精先后用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)光學元(yuan)件,丙(bing)酮及1*混合清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液,用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)半導(dao)體設備,用(yong)(yong)(yong)2*的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液和去離(li)子水(shui),經(jing)過多次(ci)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),零件表面達(da)到(dao)預期效果(guo)。
最常見的(de)(de)方(fang)式就是(shi)將超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入槽(cao)內,在含(han)有清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)內,由超(chao)聲波(bo)換(huan)能(neng)器產生的(de)(de)超(chao)聲波(bo)振動由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)底(di)部輻射(she)到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中。尤其適用(yong)于中小型零(ling)件(jian)。對(dui)(dui)大(da)小、重量較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),可采用(yong)局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa),即(ji)(ji)將零(ling)件(jian)浸(jin)入清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部分(fen)浸(jin)在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中,直(zhi)至完全清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)根據大(da)尺寸(cun)零(ling)件(jian)形狀(zhuang)及局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)需要,設計特殊形狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)超(chao)聲換(huan)能(neng)器,實現(xian)局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)具有嚴格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要求的(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),在不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)槽(cao)內采用(yong)多種不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進行超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還可以使用(yong)其他(ta)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法(fa),例如加熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等(deng)。對(dui)(dui)含(han)有特厚油脂的(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian),一(yi)般(ban)先(xian)用(yong)熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或高(gao)溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)超(chao)聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)某些零(ling)件(jian)形狀(zhuang)過于復雜,如孔、孔角不(bu)(bu)一(yi)致(zhi)等(deng),可采用(yong)一(yi)次多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即(ji)(ji)在不(bu)(bu)同超(chao)聲頻率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)超聲振(zhen)(zhen)動頻(pin)率對(dui)(dui)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)影響(xiang),這是(shi)因為它(ta)對(dui)(dui)空(kong)化的(de)(de)影響(xiang)很(hen)大(da)。通常用在20kHz左右(you)。約(yue)20kHz時(shi)容易產(chan)生氣穴,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)明(ming)顯。但(dan)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)表面要(yao)求高(gao)(gao)、孔徑或縫隙小的(de)(de)產(chan)品,宜使(shi)用短波、能(neng)(neng)量集中(zhong)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)超聲波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),有(you)時(shi)頻(pin)率可(ke)達800KHz。但(dan)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)超聲振(zhen)(zhen)動在清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong)衰減大(da),作用距離(li)短,空(kong)化強度(du)小,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)率低。另外,由于高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)指(zhi)向(xiang)性引起的(de)(de)“陰影”區域,部(bu)分部(bu)件不能(neng)(neng)清(qing)(qing)潔。采用無頻(pin)率跟蹤(zong)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝置時(shi),需要(yao)對(dui)(dui)發生器頻(pin)率進行調節,使(shi)其輸出信(xin)號的(de)(de)頻(pin)率與傳感器的(de)(de)固有(you)振(zhen)(zhen)動頻(pin)率一(yi)(yi)致。這時(shi),空(kong)泡效(xiao)(xiao)應最強。清(qing)(qing)潔液中(zhong)可(ke)見大(da)量積聚的(de)(de)白色物質。手指(zhi)頭像一(yi)(yi)根針(zhen)一(yi)(yi)樣。
高(gao)功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)是提高(gao)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)途徑。然而,功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)過高(gao)會由(you)于氣蝕(shi)過強而對(dui)工(gong)(gong)件表面造(zao)成侵蝕(shi)(即(ji)氣蝕(shi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)),對(dui)工(gong)(gong)件造(zao)成損害(hai),尤其是對(dui)于有(you)各種涂層的(de)工(gong)(gong)件或(huo)(huo)鋁及鋁合(he)金工(gong)(gong)件。能量密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)過大也不會產(chan)生飽和效(xiao)(xiao)應。對(dui)油污嚴重、形(xing)狀復雜、深孔盲孔的(de)零件,清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽要深、清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液粘度(du)(du)(du)大、功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)大。高(gao)頻率(lv)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)功率(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)也很大。能量密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)可在用(yong)水或(huo)(huo)酒精清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)或(huo)(huo)漂洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時降低。
由(you)于清洗液(ye)的(de)空(kong)化程(cheng)度與溫(wen)度有(you)(you)關(guan),溫(wen)度的(de)升高(gao)有(you)(you)利于汽蝕,但蒸(zheng)氣(qi)壓力也相(xiang)應增大。溫(wen)度過高(gao)會使氣(qi)穴(xue)減少。所(suo)以必須保(bao)持一定(ding)的(de)溫(wen)度范圍。例(li)如水溶劑清洗液(ye)一般在45℃左右,三氯(lv)乙(yi)烯清洗液(ye)約75℃,水約60℃。對揮發(fa)性和易燃(ran)的(de)清洗液(ye),溫(wen)度不宜過高(gao)。
超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)和質量(liang)(liang)取(qu)決于超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)時間(jian)(jian)。對于清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)要求,時間(jian)(jian)過(guo)短。但是(shi),零(ling)(ling)件表面氣蝕(shi)(shi)腐蝕(shi)(shi)嚴重(zhong)(zhong),從而影響零(ling)(ling)件的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang),延長使用壽命,不僅降低生產效(xiao)率(lv)。油污(wu)(wu)染嚴重(zhong)(zhong),形狀復雜的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)要長。不同涂(tu)層的(de)(de)鋁及鋁合(he)金零(ling)(ling)件的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)不宜過(guo)長。一般(ban)說來,表面光潔度高的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件的(de)(de)油污(wu)(wu)較少,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)不宜過(guo)長。特定的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)潔時間(jian)(jian)要通過(guo)實(shi)驗確(que)定。
為(wei)改善清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果(guo),并確保超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)裝置的(de)(de)正常使(shi)用,部(bu)件在清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽中的(de)(de)位置應引(yin)起(qi)重視。開(kai)始,要(yao)避免在超聲振動(dong)輻(fu)射面直接擠壓零件,使(shi)輻(fu)射面無法產生預期的(de)(de)振動(dong),導致清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)裝置無法正常工(gong)(gong)作。對較(jiao)(jiao)重的(de)(de)部(bu)件尤其重要(yao)。部(bu)件由專用工(gong)(gong)具吊在清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽內,并盡可能接近表面。第(di)二,關(guan)鍵的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)部(bu)位必須對準超聲波源。三(san)是要(yao)考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后污(wu)物能夠順利排(pai)放。第(di)四(si),使(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)在清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽內的(de)(de)對流。使(shi)用循環連續補充清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)方法時,進(jin)液(ye)速度不宜過快,否則由于補充的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)中氣體較(jiao)(jiao)多,氣穴就會減弱(ruo)。
在(zai)盲(mang)孔(kong)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi),應先(xian)在(zai)盲(mang)孔(kong)內注入清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液,然(ran)后將盲(mang)孔(kong)對(dui)準超聲源。清(qing)(qing)潔時(shi),要始終將清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液注入孔(kong)內,以達到顯(xian)著(zhu)的效果。
超(chao)音波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽應避(bi)免撞擊及快速冷卻加熱,以(yi)免損壞與(yu)傳(chuan)感器的連(lian)接。對某些零件進行超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時,應進行消磁處(chu)理,否則殘余鐵屑不(bu)易清(qing)(qing)除。
超聲清洗(xi)質量檢查主要是檢查被清潔(jie)零件表面的污垢殘留(liu)。
廣東(dong)固特超聲股份有限公司現已成(cheng)為(wei)集超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)應用技術研究、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗機(ji)設備研發、生(sheng)產、銷售(shou)和技術服務(wu)于一(yi)體的(de)國家(jia)高新技術企業(ye)。公(gong)司在超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)行業(ye)中(zhong)占有一(yi)定的(de)地位,作為(wei)業(ye)界公(gong)認的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗技術解決方案專家(jia),固特超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)于2015年(nian)率(lv)先在新三板(ban)掛牌(pai)上(shang)市。是擁有專業(ye)研發團隊的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗機(ji)廠(chang)家(jia),率(lv)先提出(chu)健(jian)康(kang)家(jia)用超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗機(ji)品(pin)類并開發了百款產品(pin),是商用超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗機(ji)、工(gong)業(ye)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗機(ji)、超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)保設備尤其是超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)除垢設備領域行業(ye)翹楚(chu),擅長產業(ye)資(zi)本和金融資(zi)本的(de)對(dui)接,致力于成(cheng)為(wei)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)洗綜合服務(wu)領軍(jun)企業(ye)。